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Konzept

Persische Sprache

زبان فارسی

Persisch, die Amtssprache Irans und Trägerin einer der reichsten Literaturtraditionen der Welt, vom Altpersischen zum Neupersischen entwickelt und zentral für die iranische Identität.

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Family
Iranian (Indo-European)
Stages
Old, Middle, New Persian
Speakers
~110 million
Varieties
Farsi, Dari, Tajik

Details

Persian (Farsi) is a language of the Iranian branch of the Indo-European family and one of the world's long-lived languages, with a three-stage history: Old Persian (Achaemenid era), Middle Persian/Pahlavi (Sasanian era), and New Persian, which emerged from the ninth century CE after Islam using an adapted Arabic script. New Persian became one of the world's great literary languages through Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and the works of poets such as Rudaki, Hafez, Saadi, and Rumi, and for centuries served as a language of culture and administration from Anatolia to India. Today Persian is the official language of Iran and, in its Dari and Tajik varieties, of Afghanistan and Tajikistan, with around 110 million speakers in total. It is the principal vehicle of Iranian cultural identity and its rich literary heritage.

Quellen

  • Encyclopaedia Iranica — 'Persian Language'
  • Britannica — 'Persian language'
  • G. Lazard, 'The Origins of Literary Persian'