بیدار
Concept
Concept

Pan-Iranism

پان‌ایرانیسم

A nationalist ideology emphasizing the solidarity and unity of Iranian peoples and pre-Islamic heritage; it gained prominence during the Pahlavi era.

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At a glance

Formative period
20th century
Notable figure
Mahmoud Afshar
Unifying bond
Persian language & Iranian heritage

Detail

Pan-Iranism is a nationalist idea and movement emphasizing the cultural, linguistic, and at times political solidarity of all Iranic peoples — Persians, Kurds, Baluch, Tajiks, Pashtuns, Ossetians, and others — across the expanse of 'Greater Iran.' It emerged in the twentieth century in response to colonialism, rival nationalisms, and the fragmentation of historic Iranian domains, and was articulated by figures such as Mahmoud Afshar. Pan-Iranism stresses the pre-Islamic heritage, the Persian language as a common bond, and the territorial integrity of Iran. The ideology is contested: critics see it as in tension with the rights and identities of non-Persian ethnic groups and at times entangled with racial elements, while supporters view it as the preservation of a civilizational heritage.

Sources

  • Encyclopaedia Iranica — 'Pan-Iranism'
  • R. Cottam, 'Nationalism in Iran'
  • A. Ansari, 'The Politics of Nationalism in Modern Iran'